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For the 2006 Subaru Outback, you can choose between two engine options: a 2.5L 4-cylinder or a larger 3.0L V6. If you have the smaller 2.5L engine, you'll need 4.4 quarts of SAE 5W-30 full synthetic oil, but you can temporarily use SAE 5W-40 as a substitute. The V6 engine requires 6.0 quarts of the same oil. It's not recommended to substitute with a heavier oil because it can increase friction in the engine, leading to premature wear and potential early engine failure. It's best to stick to the manufacturer's recommended oil with the lowest weight, even if it costs a bit more.
The manual recommends using a synthetic 5w-30 oil for this car.